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DAILY DOSE 5th JULY -2024 CURRENT AFFAIRS
1) Vanuatu:
- The government of Vanuatu will soon settle into a suite of new buildings funded by China, a move which has reignited concerns about Beijing’s reach in the South Pacific nation.
- This initiative underscores China’s strategic interests in the Pacific islands, where it has funded major infrastructure upgrades across the archipelago, competing with Western rivals for influence.
- Vanuatu is an island country consisting of a chain of 13 principal and many smaller islands located in the southwestern Pacific Ocean.
- These islands are situated approximately east of Australia.
- The islands extend north-south in an irregular Y shape.
2) Death Anniversary Of Swami Vivekananda:
- Every year, 4th July is observed as the death anniversary of Swami Vivekananda.
- He is considered as the father of modern Indian nationalism and is also credited with raising interfaith awareness and bringing Hinduism to the status of a major world religion in the late 19th century.
- Vivekananda was born as Narendranath Datta on 12th January 1863 in Calcutta.
- In 1893, upon the request of Maharaja Ajit Singh of the Khetri State, he took the name ‘Vivekananda.’
- He is credited for introducing yoga and Vedanta to the West.
3) Steel Slag : Guidelines
- The member (Science) of Niti Aayog released the Guidelines for the Utilization and Processing of Steel Slag as Processed Steel Slag Aggregates in Road Construction.
- Steel Slag is an industrial byproduct obtained from the steel manufacturing industry.
- It is produced in large quantities during steel-making operations that use electric arc furnaces.
- It can also be produced by smelting iron ore in a basic oxygen furnace.
- Primarily, slag consists of calcium, magnesium, manganese and aluminium silicates and oxides in various combinations.
- The cooling process of slag is responsible mainly for generating different types of slags required for various end-use consumers.
- It has found use as a barrier material remedy for waste sites where heavy metals tend to leach into the surrounding environment.
4) World Drug Report 2024:
- The United Nations (UN) agency tackling crime and drug abuse (UNODC) released its annual World Drug Report recently.
Highlights of the Report:
- The number of people who use drugs has risen to 292 million in 2022, a 20 percent increase over the past ten years.
- Cannabis remains the most widely used drug worldwide (228 million users), followed by opioids (60 million users), amphetamines (30 million users), cocaine (23 million users) and ecstasy (20 million users).
- Nitazenes, a group of highly potent synthetic opioids, have recently emerged in several high-income countries, resulting in an increase in overdose deaths.
- Though an estimated 64 million people worldwide suffer from drug use disorders, only one in 11 is in treatment.
5) Indian Gaur : Spotted
- After several decades, the locally extinct Indian gaur has been spotted in the Nagarjunasagar Srisailam Tiger Reserve (NSTR) in Andhra Pradesh.
- The Indian Bison of Gaur is the largest and tallest in the family of wild cattle.
- Scientific Name: Bos gaurus
- Gaurs are indigenous to the South and Southeast parts of Asia.
- Gaurs are primarily the denizens of evergreen and semi-evergreen forests along with moist deciduous forests with open grasslands.
6) Nightjars:
- A team of scientists recently described a new species of nightjar, named Caprimulgus ritae, living in the tropical forests Timor and Wetar, Lesser Sunda Islands.
- Nightjars are medium-sized nocturnal insectivorous birds in the family Caprimulgidae and the order Caprimulgiformes.
- These birds are found all around the world, with the exception of Antarctica and certain island groups, such as the Seychelles.
- They are characterized by long wings, short legs, and very short bills.
- They feed on flying insects that they catch on the wing at night.
- Their grey-brown, mottled, streaked, and stripey plumage provides ideal camouflage in the daytime.
7) Junk DNA:
- Using artificial intelligence, researchers have found potential cancer drivers hidden in so-called ‘junk’ regions of DNA.
- Junk DNA refers to regions of DNA that are noncoding.
- DNA contains instructions (coding) that are used to create proteins in the cell.
- However, the amount of DNA contained inside each cell is vast, and not all of the genetic sequences present within a DNA molecule actually code for a protein.
- Some of this noncoding DNA is used to produce non-coding RNA components such as transfer RNA, regulatory RNA and ribosomal RNA.
8) Rudram-1 Missile:
- India has successfully test-fired its first indigenous anti-radiation missile, the Rudram-1, developed by the Defence Research and Development Organisation (DRDO) for the Indian Air Force (IAF).
- Rudram-1 Missile is an air–to–surface missile developed by the Defence Research and Development Organisation (DRDO).
- It is integrated with the IAF’s Sukhoi-30MKI fighter jets, serving as the launch platform.
- It is India’s first indigenous anti-radiation missile.
- It features Inertial Navigation Systems (INS)-GPS navigation and a Passive Homing Head for the final attack, allowing it to accurately hit radiation-emitting targets.
- INS-GPS navigation provides a technological edge, enabling accurate targeting over a wide range of frequencies.
9) Metal-Organic Frameworks:
- Researchers have carried out an in-depth analysis of the mechanisms underlying the flexibility of crystals of Metal-Organic frameworks (MOFs) and introduced a novel quantitative measure of mechanical flexibility for crystals.
- Metal-Organic Frameworks (MOFs) are a class of porous, crystalline materials with a broad range of applications.
- They are composed of metal ions or clusters, which act as the joints, bound by multidirectional organic ligands, which act as linkers in the network structure.
- These crystalline materials possess the remarkable ability to absorb gases, such as carbon dioxide, and store them as well as act as filters for crude oil purification.
10) Xenophrys apatani : Talley Wildlife Sanctuary:
- A team of researchers from the Zoological Survey of India recorded the forest-dwelling frog from the Talley Wildlife Sanctuary and named it as Xenophrys apatani.
- The discovery was made by a team of researchers from the Zoological Survey of India (ZSI) in Shillong, in collaboration with their colleagues from ZSI, Pune, and ZSI, Itanagar.
- Talley Valley Wildlife Sanctuary is a protected area located in the Indian state of Arunachal Pradesh.
- The sanctuary ranges in elevation from 1,200 to 3,000 meters (3,900 to 9,800 feet) and features subtropical and temperate broadleaved and conifer forests.
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