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DAILY GK DOSE 13th  JUNE -2024 CURRENT AFFAIRS

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DAILY DOSE 13th  JUNE -2024 CURRENT AFFAIRS

 

1) CRISPR/Cas9 : Study

  • Researchers recently used CRISPR/Cas9 to alter photosynthesis for the first time.
  • CRISPR, short for Clustered Regularly Interspaced Short Palindromic Repeats, is a gene-editing technology that can be used to alter the genetic sequence of a specific gene by removing, adding, or altering sections of the DNA sequence.
  • It makes it possible to correct errors in the genome and turn on or off genes in cells and organisms quickly, cheaply, and with relative ease.
  • Some bacteria have a similar, built-in gene editing system to the CRISPR-Cas9 system that they use to respond to invading pathogens like viruses, much like an immune system.

 

2) Nitrous Oxide (N2O) Emissions:

  • Planet-warming nitrous oxide (N2O) emissions grew by 40 percent between 1980 and 2020, according to a new report published by the Global Carbon Project.
  • Nitrous Oxide (N2O) commonly known as laughing gas or happy gas, is a colorless, odorless, and non-flammable
  • While nitrous oxide is not flammable, it will support combustion to the same extent as oxygen.
  • It leads to a state of euphoria, explaining its nickname, ‘laughing gas.’

Highlights of the Report:

  • Nitrous Oxide (N2O) is the third most significant greenhouse gas after carbon dioxide and methane and is 273 times more potent than CO2 over 100 years.
  • The increase in greenhouse gases has already raised the Earth’s average surface temperature by 1.15 degrees Celsius compared to the 1850-1900 average.

 

3) Notified Disasters:

  • The ongoing spell of extreme heat in many parts of the country has once again reopened discussions on the inclusion of heatwaves as one of the notified disasters under the Disaster Management (DM) Act, 2005.
  • The Disaster Management Act, 2005, defines a disaster as a “catastrophe, mishap, calamity or grave occurrence” arising from natural or man-made causes that results in substantial loss of life, destruction of property, or damage to the environment.
  • The Act includes 12 categories of notified disasters, which are: Cyclone, Drought, Earthquake, Fire, Flood, Tsunami, Hailstorm, Landslide, Avalanche, Cloudburst, Pest attack, Frost and cold waves
  • These notified disasters are eligible for relief assistance under the State Disaster Response Fund (SDRF) and National Disaster Response Fund (NDRF).
  • The SDRF is primarily used for immediate relief to victims of notified disasters, while the NDRF supplements the SDRF in cases of severe disasters where funds are insufficient.

 

4) International Organization Of Migration (IOM) : Record

  • At least 49 migrants died and 140 others were missing after their boat capsized off the coast of Yemen, the U.N. migration agency said on June 11.
  • International Organization of Migration (IOM) is an intergovernmental organization that provides services and advice concerning migration to governments and migrants, including internally displaced persons, refugees and migrant workers.
  • Establishment: IOM was established in 1951.
  • Headquarters: Geneva, Switzerland.
  • Member States: IOM has 175 member states and 8 observer states.
  • Mandate: To promote humane and orderly migration for the benefit of all, through providing services and advice to governments and migrants.

 

5) Starship : SpaceX’s

  • SpaceX’s Starship rocket accomplished its first fully successful test flight last week, with both its booster and spacecraft making a gentle splashdown after an hour-long sub-orbital space flight.
  • SpaceX’s Starship is an ambitious spacecraft designed to be fully reusable for missions to various destinations in space, including Mars.
  • It is part of a two-stage-to-orbit launch system composed of the Super Heavy booster and the Starship spacecraft itself:
  • Super Heavy Booster: The first stage, responsible for lifting Starship out of Earth’s atmosphere.
  • Starship Spacecraft: The second stage, designed for space travel, including carrying crew and cargo.

 

6) Enterobacter bugandensis:

  • Scientists from the Indian Institute of Technology Madras (IIT-M) and NASA’s Jet Propulsion Laboratory (JPL) have carried out a collaborative study of the behaviour of multi-drug resistant pathogens aboard the International Space Station (ISS).
  • Enterobacter Bugandensis is a relatively new species within the Enterobacter genus.
  • It was first described in 2013, after being isolated from cases of bloodstream infections in Uganda.
  • It is a Gram-negative, rod-shaped bacterium.
  • Like other Enterobacter species, E. bugandensis is typically found in various environments, including soil, water, and the gastrointestinal tracts of animals and humans.

 

7) Maitri Setu:

  • The Maitri Setu, also known as the India-Bangladesh friendship bridge, is set to open by September, connecting India’s landlocked Northeast to the Bay of Bengal.
  • The bridge is 1.9 kilometres long and connects Sabroom in Tripura with Ramgarh in Bangladesh.
  • Maitri Setu is constructed over the Feni River, which acts as a boundary between India (in Tripura) and Bangladesh.
  • The name ‘Maitri Setu’ signifies the strengthening of bilateral relations and friendly ties between India and Bangladesh.
  • It is a pre-stressed concrete bridge with a single-span structure that facilitates smooth traffic and cargo flow.

 

8) Authorised Economic Operators Programme:

  • The gem and jewellery sector has been granted Authorised Economic Operator (AEO) status by the Ministry of Finance, easing export-import processes with shorter cargo release times and reduced bank guarantees.
  • Authorised Economic Operators Programme:
  • The Authorised Economic Operator (AEO) programme is a global initiative launched in 2007 under the World Customs Organization’s (WCO) SAFE Framework of Standards.
  • It serves a dual purpose
  • Enhancing International Supply Chain Security: The AEO programme aims to strengthen security measures throughout the international movement of goods, minimising risks associated with smuggling and counterfeiting.

 

9) Nano-Fertilizer Plant At Kakinada:

  • Coromandel International (an agriculture solutions provider) has opened a nano-fertiliser plant at its Kakinada complex in Andhra Pradesh.
  • The nano fertilisers (such as Nano DAP and Nano urea) ensure optimal nutrient delivery and absorption by the plants, potentially replacing conventional fertilisers and increasing crop yield.
  • Nano fertilisers are highly efficient types of fertilisers that provide nutrients like nitrogen to crops through fine granules.
  • They are made up of nanoparticles, which are particles that are less than 100 nanometers in size.

10)  Apple Intelligence:

  • Apple introduced “Apple Intelligence,” a generative AI system integrated into iPhones, iPads, and Macs via iOS 18, iPadOS 18, and macOS Sequoia.
  • Apple Intelligence combines generative AI with personal context to provide personalized, context-aware responses, enhancing user experience while prioritizing privacy through on-device processing and Private Cloud Compute.
  • Key features include:
  • Writing Tools
  • Email Management
  • Creative Tools
  • Enhanced Siri

 

 

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