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DAILY DOSE 17th MAY -2024 CURRENT AFFAIRS

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DAILY DOSE 17th MAY -2024 CURRENT AFFAIRS

 

1) Global Report On Internal Displacement 2024:

  • The number of internally displaced people increased to 75.9 million, from 71.1 million in the preceding year, according to the Global Report on Internal Displacement 2024 (GRID-2024) released recently.
  • Global Report on Internal Displacement 2024 is an annual report published by the Geneva-based Internal Displacement Monitoring Centre (IDMC). It records internal displacements due to conflict and violence and disasters.

Highlights of GRID-2024 :

  • The number of internally displaced people (IDP) increased to 75.9 million, from 71.1 million in the preceding year.
  • Report says 7.7 million displaced by disasters (one-fourth of it was caused by earthquakes) and 68.3 million by conflict and violence.
  • Sudan, Syria, the Democratic Republic of the Congo (DRC), Colombia, and Yemen host nearly half of the world’s IDPs.

 

2) Insurance Surety Bonds:

  • Insurance companies have issued about 700 insurance surety bonds valued about ₹3,000 crore after Centre makes the instrument on par with bank guarantees for all government procurements.
  • Surety Bond is a promise to be liable for the debt, default, or failure of another.
  • It is a three-party contract in which one party (the surety) guarantees the performance or obligations of a second party (the principal) to a third party (the obligee).
  • Insurance Surety Bonds is a financial instrument, where insurance companies act as ‘Surety’ and provides the financial guarantee that the contractor will fulfil its obligation as per the agreed terms.
  • It is a risk transfer mechanism wherein an insurer provides a guarantee to a beneficiary or obligee that the principal or contractor will meet his contractual obligations.

 

3) Bulava Missile:

  • Russian President has bolstered the country’s military capabilities by ordering the addition of a new nuclear-capable missile known as the Bulava into the Russian military arsenal.

 

  • RSM-56 Bulava (NATO reporting name: SS-N-32) is a Russian submarine-launched intercontinental ballistic missile (ICBM).
  • Designed by the Moscow Institute of Thermal Technology, development of the missile was launched in the late 1990s, and is designed to be deployed on Russia’s Borei-class submarines.
  • Bulava represents a core component of Russia’s future strategic nuclear force.
  • It is a three-stage solid-propellant
  • The missile has a launch mass of about 8 tonnes and a throw weight of 1,150 kg.
  • It measures 12.1 meters in length in a launch container and 2 meters in diameter.

 

4) Kadars:

  • The recent death of a Kadar tribesman in Tamil Nadu’s Anamalai Tiger Reserve in an elephant attack has left the indigenous community and conservationists in shock as Kadars are known to co-exist with wild elephants for ages.
  • They are a small indigenous tribal community in South India.
  • They reside along the hilly border between Cochin in Kerala and Coimbatore in Tamil Nadu.
  • They are traditional forest dwellers who depend on forest produce for sustenance. They do not practice agriculture, building shelters thatched with leaves and shifting locations as their employment requires.

 

5) Global Trade Update 2024:

  • The United Nations Conference on Trade and Development (UNCTAD) has released its Global Trade Update 2024, which highlights that, after facing declines over several quarters, international trade is poised for a rebound in 2024.
  • UNCTAD has officially rebranded as “UN Trade and Development” as part of its 60th-anniversary celebrations.
  • The organisation will adopt its new name and logo across all official channels, including communication materials in the six official languages of the United Nations.

Key Highlights of the Global Trade Update:

  • Global trade dipped 3% to USD 31 trillion in 2023 after peaking in 2022.
  • The downturn was driven by less demand in developed economies and weaker trade in East Asia and Latin America.
  • The downturn was driven by a 5% fall in trade in goods. Meanwhile, trade in services bucked the negative trend, growing by 8%.

 

6) World Hydrogen Summit 2024:

  • The Indian Pavilion, organised by the Ministry of New and Renewable Energy, stands as one of the largest at the esteemed World Hydrogen Summit 2024 in Rotterdam, Netherlands. It serves as a platform to showcase the nation’s notable advancements in green hydrogen.
  • India launched the National Green Hydrogen Mission (NGHM) in January 2023 with a budget of Rs. 19,744 crores.
  • The mission aims to achieve a green hydrogen production capacity of 5 MMT (Million Metric Tonnes) by 2030. Currently, tenders have been awarded for setting up 412,000 tonnes of Green Hydrogen production capacity and 1,500 MW of electrolyzer manufacturing capacity.
  • Under NGHM a dedicated portal was launched to provide information on the mission and steps for developing the green hydrogen ecosystem in India.

 

7) World Migration Report 2024:

  • The World Migration Report 2024 was launched by the International Organization for Migration (IOM), revealing significant shifts in global migration patterns. World Migration Report is IOM’s flagship report released biennially.
  • The report highlighted that Mexico, China, the Philippines, and France were the other four nations in the top five remittance recipient countries, with India being the top country receiving remittances in 2010, 2015, 2020, and 2022.
  • International remittances increased by 650% from USD 128 billion to USD 831 billion between 2000 and 2022 with India receiving the highest remittances at USD 111 billion in 2022 followed by Mexico.
  • USD 647 billion of the total remittances were sent by migrants to low- and middle-income countries.

 

8) GPT-4o : OpenAI

  • OpenAI has introduced GPT-4o, its newest and most advanced AI model, designed to enhance ChatGPT by making it smarter, faster, and free for all users.
  • GPT-4o this model, named “Omni,” represents a significant upgrade from previous models by supporting multimodal interactions—processing and responding to text, audio, and images.
  • Unlike its predecessors, which used separate models for different tasks, GPT-4o integrates all functionalities into a single model, improving efficiency and response speed.
  • GPT-4o’s capabilities include real-time translations, emotion detection in audio, and understanding and interacting with visual inputs like screenshots and documents.

 

9) Hepatitis A Outbreak : Kerela

  • There has been a big spread of Hepatitis A in Kerala’s Malappuram district, with about 8,000 cases and 12 deaths.
  • The virus, which is known for being very contagious, usually affects kids younger than 15 years old, but it is now spreading to older people whose immune systems aren’t working as well.
  • Hepatitis A is a liver infection caused by a highly contagious virus.
  • Infected individuals can show symptoms such as jaundice, fever, and stomach pain.
  • Symptoms typically appear between two to six weeks after contracting the virus.
  • In 99% of cases, the infection goes away on its own and does not damage the liver permanently.

 

10)  Fatah-II Rocket : Pakistan

  • Pakistan did a successful test launch of the “Fatah-II” guided multi-launch rocket system.
  • Pakistan’s weaponry is getting better, and this event is a big step in that direction.
  • The Fatah-II rocket system was made to hit targets up to 400 kilometers away with great accuracy.
  • It can get around and get past missile defense systems because it has a sophisticated tracking system and a unique ability to change its path and move around.
  • Fatah-II to Pakistan’s artillery divisions is meant to improve the army’s ability to hit faraway targets with pinpoint accuracy.

 

 

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