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DAILY DOSE 24th AUG – 2024 CURRENT AFFAIRS
1) Orangutan Diplomacy:
- Malaysia has initiated “Orangutan Diplomacy” to address sustainability concerns related to palm oil-linked deforestation affecting orangutans, in response to backlash.
- Orangutans widely recognized for their distinctive red fur, are considered to be the largest tree-dwelling mammals.
- They are primarily arboreal, spending over 90% of their waking hours in trees.
- Orangutans are highly intelligent and share 4% of their genes with humans, making their conservation even more significant.
- They inhabit the Indonesian island of Sumatra and the Malaysian and Indonesian parts of Borneo.
2) Lunar Magma Ocean:
- The recent findings from India’s Chandrayaan-3 mission have sparked renewed interest in the Lunar Magma Ocean (LMO) theory, a crucial concept in planetary science that explains the moon’s early formation.
- Chandrayaan-3’s Pragyan rover identified a rock type known as ferroan anorthosite in the lunar south pole region.
- This discovery is significant as it aligns with earlier observations made by the Apollo and Luna missions, confirming the theory that these rocks are remnants of an ancient magma ocean that once covered the moon.
- Lunar Magma Ocean (LMO) is a hypothesized early stage in the moon’s history when its surface was entirely molten.
3) Atomic Clocks- Lunar Time Standard:
- An international astronomical group has called for a lunar time standard to facilitate future missions, addressing time discrepancies on the Moon due to its unique gravitational effects.
- Atomic clocks are the most precise timekeeping devices, critical for applications requiring extreme accuracy, such as GPS systems, telecommunications, and scientific research.
- These clocks measure time using the resonant frequencies of atoms, such as cesium-133.
- In atomic time, one second is defined by the time it takes for a cesium atom to vibrate 9,192,631,770 times.
- The stability and accuracy of atomic vibrations make atomic clocks the most reliable devices for measuring time.
4) Genome Editing- ISDra2TnpB:
- A recent breakthrough in plant genome editing comes from a collaborative effort between the ICAR-National Rice Research Institute in Cuttack, India, and Pennsylvania State University, USA.
- Genome editing is a powerful tool that allows scientists to make precise changes to the Deoxy-Ribonucleic Acid (DNA) sequence of living organisms.
- This technology has vast applications in agriculture, where it can be used to enhance crop yields, improve resistance to pests and diseases, and introduce desirable traits like drought tolerance.
- The most commonly known genome-editing tool is CRISPR, which has revolutionised genetic research due to its precision and efficiency.
5) Waterspout:
- A luxury yacht sank off Sicily, Italy, during a violent storm, resulting in one confirmed death and six individuals missing, possibly due to a waterspout.
- Waterspouts are significant atmospheric phenomena characterised by rotating columns of air that form over water bodies.
- These tornado-like structures typically develop overseas or in large lakes, presenting a spectacular display of nature’s power.
- It is a weaker version of a tornado, typically lasting 5-10 minutes.
6) Prime Minister Employment Generation Programme (PMEGP):
- KVIC and Department of Posts collaborate to boost PMEGP Implementation across India.
- PMEGP is a central sector scheme administered by the Ministry of Micro, Small and Medium Enterprises.
- Objectives is to generate employment opportunities in rural as well as urban areas of the country through setting up of new self-employment ventures/projects/micro enterprises.
- To bring together widely dispersed traditional artisans, rural and urban unemployed youth and give them self-employment opportunities to the extent possible, at their place.
7) India And Japan 2+2 Meet:
- India and Japan recently held their third 2+2 Foreign and Defence Ministerial Meeting in New Delhi.
- The discussions, which took place against the backdrop of growing geopolitical tensions and China’s assertiveness in the Indo-Pacific region, focused on deepening bilateral cooperation across various sectors.
Key Highlights of the India and Japan 2+2 Meet:
- Both countries emphasised their commitment to a free, open, and rules-based Indo-Pacific.
- The strategic alignment is driven by China’s growing military presence in the region.
- The ministers supported Association of Southeast Asian Nations (ASEAN)’s unity and centrality, endorsing the ASEAN Outlook on the Indo-Pacific (AOIP).
8) Antihyper Hydrogen-4:
- The newly found antiparticle, called antihyper hydrogen-4, could have a potential imbalance with its matter counterpart that may help scientists understand how our universe came to be.
- Antihyper Hydrogen-4 is made up of an antiproton, two antineutrons and one antihyperon (a baryon that contains a strange quark).
- Physicists found traces of this antimatter among particle tracks from 6 billion collisions at the Relativistic Heavy Ion Collider (RHIC) at Brookhaven National Laboratory in New York.
Key findings:
- Both hyperhydrogen-4 and its antimatter counterpart antihyper hydrogen-4 seem to wink out of existence very quickly.
- The physicists didn’t find a significant difference between their lifetimes.
9) Hema Committee Report : Film Industry
- The Hema committee report on the Malayalam film industry was released. It has revealed alarming instances of sexual abuse, gender discrimination, and inhuman treatment of women in the Malayalam film industry.
- It was led by retired Kerala High Court judge Justice K Hema, with members including veteran actor Sharada and retired IAS officer K B Valsala Kumari.
- It include unwanted physical advances even before commencing work, rape threats, code names for women who would agree to compromise among other shameful acts.
10) Natal Indian Congress : 130th Foundation Year
- 22nd August 2024 marked the 130th foundation year of Natal Indian Congress (NIC) which was established in August 1894, based on a proposal by Mahatma Gandhi on 22nd May 1894.
- It was was formed to fight discrimination faced by Indians in South Africa.
- The Natal Indian Congress (NIC) was the first Indian Congress established, founded by Mahatma Gandhi in 1894 to fight against discrimination faced by Indian in Natal (province of South Africa).
- From the 1920s, the NIC operated under the South African Indian Congress (SAIC).
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